IMPROVING THE PROCESS OF URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION THROUGH JUSTIFYING THE TRANSITION TO ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY MODES OF TRANSPORT (ELECTRIC BUSES)

https://doi.org/10.33815/2313-4763.2025.2.31.187-198

Keywords: electric buses, passenger flow, urban transport, operational performance, sustainable mobility, route optimization

Abstract

This article examines the improvement of urban passenger transportation efficiency through the justified transition to environmentally friendly modes of transport, with a particular focus on battery-electric buses. The research addresses key challenges faced by Ukrainian cities, including outdated and energy-inefficient bus fleets, fluctuating and growing passenger flows, rising fuel and maintenance costs, and the urgent need to reduce harmful emissions and modernize public transport systems in line with European sustainability directives. The methodological framework combines field observations, detailed analysis of hourly passenger flows, technical and operational performance assessment, modelling of route schedules, and economic comparison between conventional diesel buses and modern electric buses. Using Lviv’s Route No. 51 as a case study, the research identifies significant irregularities in demand throughout the day, determines the optimal number of vehicles required in each time interval, and proposes an improved schedule specifically tailored to electric bus capabilities and charging requirements. The comparative analysis demonstrates that replacing BAZ A079 buses with SUNLONG SLK6121EV electric buses can reduce operating costs by 25–30%, fully eliminate local CO₂ emissions, and substantially decrease noise pollution in densely populated urban areas. Additionally, the study highlights long-term advantages such as simplified maintenance, regenerative braking efficiency, improved passenger comfort, and increased operational reliability. The proposed transition model offers a scientifically grounded decision-making tool for transport operators and municipal authorities, supporting strategic fleet renewal, infrastructure development, and broader sustainable mobility initiatives aimed at enhancing the overall quality of urban transport services.

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Published
2026-01-23
Issue
Vol 2 No 31 (2025): Scientific Bulletin of the Kherson State Maritime Academy
Section
TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGIES