PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SIGNAL PRECURSORS IN STRUCTURAL MODELS OF DEVELOPING DEFECTS OF METAL CONSTRUCTIONS

Abstract

Based on the consideration of mathematical models of kinematic variables of a diatomic cell of the continuous medium structure and the conditions for initiating acoustic waves, a system of equations is obtained that allows the acoustic signal from the developing defect to separate the high-frequency and low-frequency components. Using the example of a homogeneous medium consisting of Fe atoms and experimental X-ray diffraction data, the validity of the applications of the continuous medium equations to the description of signal propagation from developing defects is proved. From energy representations of energy release in the formation of a defective structure in materials under the influence of external stresses, a mechanism for generating acoustic emission signals is proposed. The quantization of the radiation energy of acoustic vibrations is proved on the basis of a study of the spectrum of the characteristic X-ray radiation of Fe atoms. The hypothesis about amplification of acoustic signals as a result of interaction of elastic waves with electrons and quantization of admissible oscillations is stated and justified. A condition is formulated for selecting the types of oscillations in the formation of de Broglie waves. The group velocities of precursors of acoustic signals are calculated in the event of defects in the structure of materials under the influence of external loads and perturbations. Based on calculations of the specific binding energy of Fe atomic nuclei, mass and momentum defects, the discrete nature of the structural constituents of the material has been proved. Calculation of the frequency and wavelength confirms the wave character of the precursors of acoustic signals. This is the basis for the existence of a particle-wave dualism in the structure of the spectrum of acoustic emission signals.