ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ВПЛИВУ МОДИФІКАТОРА ТРИМЕТИЛХЛОРСІЛАНУ НА ФІЗИКО-МЕХАНІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ЕПОКСИДНИХ КОМПОЗИТІВ
https://doi.org/10.33815/2313-4763.2025.2.31.111-122
Ключові слова:
зв’язувач, триметилхлорсілан, адгезія, теплостійкість, залишкові напруження, композитний матеріал, матриця
Анотація
Дослідження взаємодії на межі поділу фаз «олігомер-модифікатор» за рахунок структурної взаємодії в процесі формування епоксидної матриці для підвищення фізико-механічних характеристик композитних матеріалів є важливим на даний час. У даному напрямку досліджень для науково-прогнозованого впливу на експлуатаційні характеристики матеріалів є використання модифікатора на основі триметилхлорсілану для зв’язувачів ЕД-20 (Україна) та EPOXY 520 (Чехія). Для впливу на процес структуроутворення використано запропонований науково-дослідним експертно-криміналістичним центром при УМВС України Тернопільської області модифікатор триметилхлорсілану (ТМХС-1). Встановлено, що для епоксидного олігомеру ЕД-20 введення модифікатора ТМХС-1 у кількості 0,25 г на 100 г ЕД-20 покращує міцність адгезійних з’єднань на 30%. Для епоксидного олігомеру EPOXY 520 введення модифікатора в кількості 0,25 г забезпечує зростання модуля Юнга на 70% і покращення ударної в’язкості на 12% з незначним підвищенням залишкових напружень. Доведено, що вміст модифікатора в кількості 0,75 г приводить до підвищення міцності адгезійних з’єднань на 100%, модуля юнга на 15%. Встановлено, що введення модифікатора в кількості 0,25 г на 100 г олігомеру для обох зв’язувачів та 0,75 г для епоксидної смоли EPOXY 520 приводить до покращення фізико-механічних та теплофізичних характеристик епоксидних зв’язувачів за рахунок взаємодії реакційно здатних груп модифікатора з макромолекулами зв’язувачів.
Посилання
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6. Stukhlyak, P. D., Holotenko, O. S., Zolotyi, R. Z., Mykytyshyn, A. G. (2021). Investigation of superhigh-frequency treatment influence on structuring of epoxy composites by infrared- and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses. Functional Materials, 28(2), 394–402. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.15407/FM28.02.394.
7. Kartashov, V., Stukhlyak, D., Holotenko, O., Dobrotvor, I., Mikitishin, A., Mytnyk, M., Marukha, V., & Skorokhod, O. (2018). Research into parameters of magnetic treatment to modify the dispersefilled epoxy composite materials. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(12 (94), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.140876.
8. Monte, S. J. (1998). Diluents and viscosity modifiers for epoxy resins. In: Pritchard, G. (eds) Plastics Additives. Polymer Science and Technology Series, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5862-6_24.
9. Jyotish, J., Mahapatra, B. K., Moharana, S., Mahaling, R. N. (2025). Chemistry and Types of Epoxy Resins. In: Pradhan, S., Moharana, S., Mohanty, S. (eds) Recent Advances on Waterborne Epoxy Coatings. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3260-2_2.
10. Sapronov, O., Buketov, A., Sapronova, L. & Vorobiov, P. (2022). Development of epoxy composites resistant to impact loads. Advanced polymer materials and technologies: recent trends and current priorities: multi-authored monograph. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 41–47.
11. Buketov, A., Smetankin Serhiy, Maruschak Pavlo, Yurenin Kyrylo, Sapronov Oleksandr, Matvyeyev Viktor, Menou Abdellah. (2021). New black-filled epoxy coatings for repairing surface of equipment of marine ships. Transport. 35. 679–690. 10.3846/transport.2020.14286.
12. Buketov, A., Stukhlyak, P., Maruschak, P., Panin, S. V., & Menou, A. (2016). Regularities of Impact Failure of Epoxy Composites with Al2O3 Microfiller and their Analysis on the Basis of External Surface Layer Concept. Key Engineering Materials, 712, 149–154. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.712.149.
13. Stukhlyak, P. D., Holotenko, O. S., Dobrotvor, I. H., & Mytnyk, M. M. (2015). Investigation of the Adhesive Strength and Residual Stresses in Epoxy Composites Modified by Microwave Electromagnetic Treatment. Materials Science, 51(2), 208–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-015-9830-z.
14. Bondarchuk D. A., Fedulov B. N., Fedorenko A. N. (2019). The effect of residual stress induced by manufacturing on strength on free edge of carbon-epoxy composite with [00/900]n layup. 25th International Conference on Fracture and Structural Integrity, Volume 18, 353–367.
15. Sheng-Wen Chen, Yu-Sheng Wang, Shao-Yu Hu, Wen-Hsi Lee, Chieh-Cheng Chi, Ying-Lang Wang (2012). A Study of Trimethylsilane (3MS) and Tetramethylsilane (4MS) Based α-SiCN:H/α-SiCO:H Diffusion Barrier Films. Materials (Basel), 2012 Mar. 2.5(3), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5030377.
16. Xuewen, Li, Jiwei, Liu, Hao, Wu, Kesong, Miao, He, Wu, Rengeng, Li, Chenglu, Liu, Wenbin, Fang, Guohua, Fan (2024). Research progress of residual stress measurement methods, Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28348.
17. Borges, Catarina, Akhavan-Safar Alireza, Tsokanas Panayiotis, Carbas Ricardo, Marques Eduardo, Silva L.F.M. (2023). From fundamental concepts to recent developments in the adhesive bonding technology: a general view. Discover Mechanical Engineering. 10.1007/s44245-023-00014-7.
18. Demiral, M. (2025). Strength in Adhesion: A Multi-Mechanics Review Covering Tensile, Shear, Fracture, Fatigue, Creep, and Impact Behavior of Polymer Bonding in Composites. Polymers, 17(19), 2600. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17192600.
19. Syed Fahad Hassan, Saratchandra Kundurthi, Suhail Hyder Vattathurvalappil, Gary Cloud, Mahmoodul Haq (2021). A hybrid experimental and numerical technique for evaluating residual strains/stresses in bonded lap joints,Composites Part B: Engineering, Volume 225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109216.
20. Ruikun Wang, Chunyan Qu, Dezhi Wang and other (2023). A study of the residual stress behavior of rigid and flexible epoxy adhesives during thermal cycle aging for electronics packaging. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2023.2240550.
21. Mohammadali Rastak, Mahmood Shokrieh, Laurent Barrallier, Regis Kubler, Danial Salehi (2021). Estimation of residual stresses in polymer-matrix composites using digital image correlation. In book: Residual Stresses in Composite Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818817-0.00001-9.
22. Man-Lung Sham, Jang-Kyo Kim (2004). Evolution of residual stresses in modified epoxy resins for electronic packaging applications, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Volume 35, Issue 5, Pages 537–546, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.01.002.
23. Ranjan, K., Behera, S. K., Parida, R. R. (2023) Das Effect of using fibre reinforced epoxy adhesive on the strength of the adhesively bonded Single Lap Joints, Composites Part B: Engineering, Volume 248, 110358, ISSN 1359–8368, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.110358.
24. Tan Wei, Na Jingxin, Zhou Zhaofeng (2021). Effect of Service Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Adhesive Joints after Hygrothermal Aging. Polymers. 13. 3741. 10.3390/polym13213741.
25. Khun, N. W., Dawei, Sun, Huang, M. X., Yang, Jinglei, Yue, Chee (2014). Wear resistant epoxy composites with diisocyanate-based self-healing functionality. Wear. 313. 19–28. 10.1016/j.wear.2014.02.011.
26. Kamil Anasiewicz, Józef Kuczmaszewski (2022). Apparent Young’s Modulus of Epoxy Adhesives. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Materials 15(22), 8060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15228060.
27. Anasiewicz, K., Kuczmaszewski, J. (2016). Apparent Young’s modulus of epoxy adhesives in metal bonding. Przegląd Spaw, 88, 131–134.
28. Matykiewicz Danuta, Barczewski Mateusz, Mousa Marwan, M R Sanjay, Siengchin Suchart (2021). Impact Strength of Hybrid Epoxy–Basalt Composites Modified with Mineral and Natural Fillers. ChemEngineering. 5. 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering5030056.
29. Yang, Kang, Wu (吴素君), SuJun Shao, Zhengzhong Ritchie, Robert (2017). Enhancing the Mechanical Toughness of Epoxy-Resin Composites Using Natural Silk Reinforcements OPEN. Scientific Reports. 7. 11939. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11919-1.
30. Sun Yangyang, Zhang Zhuqing, Moon Kyoung-sik, Wong, C. P. (2004). Glass transition and relaxation behavior of epoxy nanocomposites. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics. 42. 3849–3858. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.20251.
2. Korzhyk, V. M., Stukhliak, P. D., Berdnikova, O. M., Totosko, O. V., Stukhliak, D. P., Demyanov, О. І., & Lepilina, K. M. (2025). Protection Against Ultrahigh-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation Using Multilayer Polymer-Composite Coatings. Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali, Nanotehnologii, 23(1), 149–165. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.23.01.01494.
3. Eom, Y. S., Boogh, Louis, Michaud, Véronique, Månson, J.-A. E. (2002). Internal Stress Control in Epoxy Resins and their Composites by Material and Process Tailoring. Polymer Composites. 23. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.10500.
4. Miturska Izabela, RudawskaAnna, Miroslav Müller, Hromasová Monika (2021). The Influence of Mixing Methods of Epoxy Composition Ingredients on Selected Mechanical Properties of Modified Epoxy Construction Materials. Materials 2021, 14(2), 411. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14020411.
5. Kashytskyi, V. P., Sadova, O. L., Melnychuk, M. D., Golodyuk, G. I., Klymovets, O. B. (2023). Structuring of modified epoxy composite materials by infrared spectroscopy. Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol. 10(1), C9–C16, https://doi.org/10.21272/jes.2023.10(1).c2.
6. Stukhlyak, P. D., Holotenko, O. S., Zolotyi, R. Z., Mykytyshyn, A. G. (2021). Investigation of superhigh-frequency treatment influence on structuring of epoxy composites by infrared- and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses. Functional Materials, 28(2), 394–402. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.15407/FM28.02.394.
7. Kartashov, V., Stukhlyak, D., Holotenko, O., Dobrotvor, I., Mikitishin, A., Mytnyk, M., Marukha, V., & Skorokhod, O. (2018). Research into parameters of magnetic treatment to modify the dispersefilled epoxy composite materials. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 4(12 (94), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.140876.
8. Monte, S. J. (1998). Diluents and viscosity modifiers for epoxy resins. In: Pritchard, G. (eds) Plastics Additives. Polymer Science and Technology Series, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5862-6_24.
9. Jyotish, J., Mahapatra, B. K., Moharana, S., Mahaling, R. N. (2025). Chemistry and Types of Epoxy Resins. In: Pradhan, S., Moharana, S., Mohanty, S. (eds) Recent Advances on Waterborne Epoxy Coatings. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3260-2_2.
10. Sapronov, O., Buketov, A., Sapronova, L. & Vorobiov, P. (2022). Development of epoxy composites resistant to impact loads. Advanced polymer materials and technologies: recent trends and current priorities: multi-authored monograph. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 41–47.
11. Buketov, A., Smetankin Serhiy, Maruschak Pavlo, Yurenin Kyrylo, Sapronov Oleksandr, Matvyeyev Viktor, Menou Abdellah. (2021). New black-filled epoxy coatings for repairing surface of equipment of marine ships. Transport. 35. 679–690. 10.3846/transport.2020.14286.
12. Buketov, A., Stukhlyak, P., Maruschak, P., Panin, S. V., & Menou, A. (2016). Regularities of Impact Failure of Epoxy Composites with Al2O3 Microfiller and their Analysis on the Basis of External Surface Layer Concept. Key Engineering Materials, 712, 149–154. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.712.149.
13. Stukhlyak, P. D., Holotenko, O. S., Dobrotvor, I. H., & Mytnyk, M. M. (2015). Investigation of the Adhesive Strength and Residual Stresses in Epoxy Composites Modified by Microwave Electromagnetic Treatment. Materials Science, 51(2), 208–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11003-015-9830-z.
14. Bondarchuk D. A., Fedulov B. N., Fedorenko A. N. (2019). The effect of residual stress induced by manufacturing on strength on free edge of carbon-epoxy composite with [00/900]n layup. 25th International Conference on Fracture and Structural Integrity, Volume 18, 353–367.
15. Sheng-Wen Chen, Yu-Sheng Wang, Shao-Yu Hu, Wen-Hsi Lee, Chieh-Cheng Chi, Ying-Lang Wang (2012). A Study of Trimethylsilane (3MS) and Tetramethylsilane (4MS) Based α-SiCN:H/α-SiCO:H Diffusion Barrier Films. Materials (Basel), 2012 Mar. 2.5(3), 377–384. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma5030377.
16. Xuewen, Li, Jiwei, Liu, Hao, Wu, Kesong, Miao, He, Wu, Rengeng, Li, Chenglu, Liu, Wenbin, Fang, Guohua, Fan (2024). Research progress of residual stress measurement methods, Heliyon, Volume 10, Issue 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28348.
17. Borges, Catarina, Akhavan-Safar Alireza, Tsokanas Panayiotis, Carbas Ricardo, Marques Eduardo, Silva L.F.M. (2023). From fundamental concepts to recent developments in the adhesive bonding technology: a general view. Discover Mechanical Engineering. 10.1007/s44245-023-00014-7.
18. Demiral, M. (2025). Strength in Adhesion: A Multi-Mechanics Review Covering Tensile, Shear, Fracture, Fatigue, Creep, and Impact Behavior of Polymer Bonding in Composites. Polymers, 17(19), 2600. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17192600.
19. Syed Fahad Hassan, Saratchandra Kundurthi, Suhail Hyder Vattathurvalappil, Gary Cloud, Mahmoodul Haq (2021). A hybrid experimental and numerical technique for evaluating residual strains/stresses in bonded lap joints,Composites Part B: Engineering, Volume 225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2021.109216.
20. Ruikun Wang, Chunyan Qu, Dezhi Wang and other (2023). A study of the residual stress behavior of rigid and flexible epoxy adhesives during thermal cycle aging for electronics packaging. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology. https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2023.2240550.
21. Mohammadali Rastak, Mahmood Shokrieh, Laurent Barrallier, Regis Kubler, Danial Salehi (2021). Estimation of residual stresses in polymer-matrix composites using digital image correlation. In book: Residual Stresses in Composite Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818817-0.00001-9.
22. Man-Lung Sham, Jang-Kyo Kim (2004). Evolution of residual stresses in modified epoxy resins for electronic packaging applications, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Volume 35, Issue 5, Pages 537–546, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2004.01.002.
23. Ranjan, K., Behera, S. K., Parida, R. R. (2023) Das Effect of using fibre reinforced epoxy adhesive on the strength of the adhesively bonded Single Lap Joints, Composites Part B: Engineering, Volume 248, 110358, ISSN 1359–8368, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.110358.
24. Tan Wei, Na Jingxin, Zhou Zhaofeng (2021). Effect of Service Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Adhesive Joints after Hygrothermal Aging. Polymers. 13. 3741. 10.3390/polym13213741.
25. Khun, N. W., Dawei, Sun, Huang, M. X., Yang, Jinglei, Yue, Chee (2014). Wear resistant epoxy composites with diisocyanate-based self-healing functionality. Wear. 313. 19–28. 10.1016/j.wear.2014.02.011.
26. Kamil Anasiewicz, Józef Kuczmaszewski (2022). Apparent Young’s Modulus of Epoxy Adhesives. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, 20-618 Lublin, Poland Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Materials 15(22), 8060. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15228060.
27. Anasiewicz, K., Kuczmaszewski, J. (2016). Apparent Young’s modulus of epoxy adhesives in metal bonding. Przegląd Spaw, 88, 131–134.
28. Matykiewicz Danuta, Barczewski Mateusz, Mousa Marwan, M R Sanjay, Siengchin Suchart (2021). Impact Strength of Hybrid Epoxy–Basalt Composites Modified with Mineral and Natural Fillers. ChemEngineering. 5. 56. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering5030056.
29. Yang, Kang, Wu (吴素君), SuJun Shao, Zhengzhong Ritchie, Robert (2017). Enhancing the Mechanical Toughness of Epoxy-Resin Composites Using Natural Silk Reinforcements OPEN. Scientific Reports. 7. 11939. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11919-1.
30. Sun Yangyang, Zhang Zhuqing, Moon Kyoung-sik, Wong, C. P. (2004). Glass transition and relaxation behavior of epoxy nanocomposites. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics. 42. 3849–3858. https://doi.org/10.1002/polb.20251.
Опубліковано
2026-01-23
Розділ
МАТЕРІАЛОЗНАВСТВО
